Bioma

Molecular docking of Portulaca oleracea L. alkaloid compounds for potential antidiabetic activity through Cdk5 protein expression

2024-10-07T13:33:23+07:00

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a serine/threonine protein kinase, which forms the p35 or p39 active complex that is expressed predominantly in neurons. Cdk5 plays an important role in physiological functions in non-neural cells such as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. This study aims to explore and determine the effectiveness of the chemical compound Oleracein E (OL-E) in the Portulaca oleracea (PO) as an anti- diabetic when expressed on Cdk5 protein. The test was carried out in silico with a computer- aided drug design method in which the molecular docking process used software such as Pyrx 0.8. The results of this study indicate that OL-E has the potential as an antidiabetic by inhibiting Cdk5 and has 27.65 percent better effectiveness than metformin in inhibiting Cdk5.

The analysis of natural forage of blue smimming crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) on the east coast of Pangandaran, West Java

2024-10-07T13:33:02+07:00

Continuous use of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) without any control can cause population decline which leads to damage to the stability of the marine ecosystem, especially in East Coast Pangandaran, therefore cultivation is needed. In aquaculture, it is necessary to provide the right feed by knowing its natural diet. This study aimed to determine the natural diet of blue swimming crabs. The method used was descriptive analysis. The parameters observed were carapace width, gastric weight, the composition of natural diet. The relationship between the carapace width and gastric weight was analyzed by simple regression while the main type of natural diet was known by calculating the percentage of food composition. The relationship between carapace width and gastric weight was positive. Based on the composition found in crab gastric, there were 5 types of natural foods consisting of crustaceans (28.35%), meat (25.37%), mollusk (18.65%), fish (15.67%), and undefined material (UM) (4.47%). It is revealed that crabs are carnivores and scavengers, pose significant relationship between their size and gut content weight. It was also found that the composition of female crab feed was generally higher than that of males.

The effect of Lemna perpusilla Torr. (Araceae) as fodder in the growth of Osphronemus goramy Lacépède, 1801

2024-10-07T13:32:18+07:00

Production of gourami as consumption fish is rather lengthy, as it attains commercial size in 1—2 years, longer than other commercial fish. Therefore, fish production is hampered by higher fodder costs. It is a normal practice in gourami rearing, that farmers supplement commercial fodder with naturally available fodder, especially from material such as taro leaves. However, some materials may contain less nutrients, compared to others. It is why we propose the use of Lemna perpusilla, a widely distributed water aroid as gourami fodder supplement. We measured the growth of gourami fries, which are length (cm) and weight (g) and found that fishes with L. perpussila pellet attain higher length and weight compared to those using commercial pellet. This research may be beneficial for freshwater weed management as well as fish production with low capital, i.e. village production.

The effect of natural noise and conspesific sound density on the prevalence of Leptophryne borbonica Tschudi, 1838 displaying visual signals

2024-10-07T13:31:04+07:00

The main mode of communication in Anura is acoustic signals, but environmental noise can hinder effectiveness signal transmission and reception. The adaptation to noise is by visual signals. This study was conducted to determine the density, the type of visual signals detected, and whether there is an influence of environmental noise and conspecific density on the prevalence of Leptophryne borbonica population displaying visual signals. This study was conducted by descriptive method with purposive sampling technique. The data taken was in the form of the number of individuals with visual signals, the number of individuals vocalizing, and the noise of the surrounding environment. The data was processed using the Solomon Coder and analyzed by Poisson regression. 159 individual frogs were found in 40 plots during observations, with the density of individuals in each plot being 3-8 individuals with noise range of 45-74 dB. Noise significantly affected the display of visual signals in a population, while conspecific density did not affect the output of visual signals.

The natural food composition of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821) inhabiting the Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve in North Jakarta

2024-10-07T13:32:58+07:00

Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is one species of wild animals inhabits Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve (SMMA), a wetland reserve predominantly grown by mangrove swamp forest. As there is high encounter of M. fascicularis with human and high incident of human-given food, it is important to understand the composition of natural food of M. fascicularis. The method used was quantitative with data collection techniques using scan sampling technique with 5-minute intervals. Natural food source for M. fascicularis in SMMA is provided by 17 species of plants. The main natural food sources providing both leaves and fruits are Ficus benjamina (54.62%) and Sonneratia caseolaris (28.9%). The most common plant parts eaten by M. fascicularis are leaves (61%) and fruit (21%), resembles to those of leaf monkeys (langurs). However, is a high possibility that nutrient needed to supplement high leaf consumption in SMMA monkeys is provided by non-natural human-given food.